https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/issue/feed 2026-09-26T18:28:47+05:00 Tusmatova N. opensciencellc@gmail.com Open Journal Systems <p>The scientific journal "Science and Education" is an open-access journal and the main task of the journal is to highlight the achievements, problems, and prospects of science and education, in particular, the history and stages of development of science and education in Uzbekistan, development paths, scientists who have made a great contribution to science and education in Central Asia, as well as in world science and education. Also the goal of the scientific journal "Science and Education" is to inform the scientific community about the problems of improving research and innovation in this area, to further increase the interest of the younger generation in science and education, and to express the scientific views of experts and scientists.</p> https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/article/view/9104 2026-09-26T18:26:52+05:00 Dilshod Xoltursinovich Bekturov

Mazkur maqolada favqulodda vaziyatlar xavfi tug‘ilganida va sodir bo‘lganida aholini xavfsiz hududlarga ko‘chirish tadbirlarini tashkil etishning tashkiliy, boshqaruv, axborot-kommunikatsion va logistika jihatlari tadqiq etilgan. Aholini evakuatsiya qilish favqulodda vaziyatlarning oldini olish va oqibatlarini bartaraf etish tizimining muhim elementi bo‘lib, uning samaradorligi xavfni oldindan baholash, aholini o‘z vaqtida ogohlantirish, evakuatsiya marshrutlarini belgilash, transport resurslarini safarbar etish, yig‘ilish va qabul qilish punktlarini tayyorlash hamda aholining alohida ehtiyojga ega guruhlarini himoya qilish kabi omillarga bevosita bog‘liq. Tadqiqotda tizimli, qiyosiy, analitik va ekspert baholash usullaridan foydalanilgan. Xalqaro tajriba, Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining Senday halokatlar xavfini kamaytirish bo‘yicha asosiy tamoyillari hamda O‘zbekiston Respublikasining favqulodda vaziyatlar sohasidagi amaldagi huquqiy-me’yoriy bazasi tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijasida aholini ko‘chirishni “xavfni aniqlash–prognozlash–ogohlantirish– qaror qabul qilish-yig‘ish-ko‘chirish-qabul qilish-joylashtirish-qaytarish” ketma- ketligida boshqarish taklif etilgan. Maqolada GIS texnologiyalari, mobil aloqa, geolokatsiya, raqamli ogohlantirish tizimlari va sun’iy intellekt asosidagi prognozlash vositalarini evakuatsiya jarayonlariga integratsiya qilish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Taklif etilayotgan yondashuv favqulodda vaziyatlarda inson talafotlarini kamaytirish, boshqaruv qarorlarini tezlashtirish va aholining xavfsizligini oshirishga xizmat qiladi.

2026-09-26T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/article/view/9105 2026-09-26T18:26:53+05:00 Bekzod Jumabayevich Tajibayev

Mazkur maqolada favqulodda vaziyatlarning oldini olish va ularning oqibatlarini bartaraf etish jarayonida zarur bo‘ladigan moddiy-texnik, oziq- ovqat, tibbiy, moliyaviy hamda boshqa turdagi ta’minot zahiralarini shakllantirish, saqlash va ulardan samarali foydalanish masalalari tadqiq etilgan. Favqulodda vaziyatlar sharoitida aholining hayoti va sog‘lig‘ini muhofaza qilish, qutqaruv va kechiktirib bo‘lmaydigan tiklash ishlarini uzluksiz tashkil etish ko‘p jihatdan oldindan yaratilgan zahiralarning yetarliligi va boshqaruv samaradorligiga bog‘liq. Tadqiqotda zahiralarni shakllantirishning asosiy tamoyillari, ehtiyojlarni prognozlash, hududiy va ob’ekt darajasida zahiralarni joylashtirish, logistika boshqaruvi, raqamli monitoring hamda moliyaviy mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish masalalari tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, favqulodda vaziyatlar xavfining hududiy xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan holda zahiralarni differensial shakllantirish va “minimal kafolatlangan zaxira” mexanizmini joriy etish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqilgan.

2026-09-26T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/article/view/9106 2026-09-26T18:26:54+05:00 Bekzod Jumabayevich Tajibayev

Mazkur maqolada seysmik xavf yuqori bo‘lgan hududlarda bino va inshootlarning zilzilabardoshligini ta’minlashning zamonaviy ilmiy va muhandislik tamoyillari tahlil qilingan. Seysmik xavfni baholash, hududlarni seysmik rayonlashtirish va mikrozonlashtirish, grunt sharoitlarini hisobga olish, konstruktiv tizimni to‘g‘ri tanlash, seysmik yuklarni aniqlash hamda bino konstruksiyalarida mustahkamlik, bikrlik va deformativlik talablarini ta’minlash masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Shuningdek, temirbeton va po‘lat konstruksiyalarning seysmik bardoshligini oshirish, seysmik izolyatsiya va energiya so‘ndirish qurilmalaridan foydalanish imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Eurocode 8 va ASCE/SEI 7-22 xalqaro standartlarining asosiy yondashuvlari tahlil qilinib, ularni seysmik xavfi yuqori bo‘lgan hududlarda qo‘llashning muhim jihatlari aniqlangan. Tadqiqot natijalari bino va inshootlarning seysmik xavfsizligini oshirishda konstruktiv yechim, sifatli qurilish- montaj ishlari, muhandislik-geologik tadqiqotlar va zamonaviy seysmik himoya texnologiyalarini kompleks qo‘llash zarurligini ko‘rsatadi.

2026-09-26T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/article/view/9107 2026-09-26T18:26:54+05:00 Dilshod Xoltursinovich Bekturov

Ushbu maqolada uzluksiz ta’lim tizimida “Hayot faoliyati xavfsizligi” fanining vazifasi va o‘rni, ta’lim jarayonida o‘quvchilarda hayot xavfsizligini ta’minlashga oid bilim, ko‘nikma va malakalarni shakllantirish masalalari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ta’limda uzluksizlik va uzviylikni ta’minlash, fanlararo aloqalardan samarali foydalanish, dars jarayonini to‘g‘ri tashkil etish hamda innovatsion pedagogik yondashuvlarning ahamiyati tahlil qilingan. Maqolada auditoriyani boshqarish, tinglovchilar e’tiborini jalb qilish, ma’ruzachining pedagogik va kommunikativ qobiliyatlari, ishontirish, taqlid qilish, yuqtirish kabi ijtimoiy- psixologik usullarning ta’lim samaradorligiga ta’siri ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. HFX fanini uzluksiz va uzviy ravishda o‘qitish orqali ta’lim oluvchilarda favqulodda vaziyatlarning oldini olish, ularda to‘g‘ri harakat qilish, xavfsizlik qoidalariga rioya etish va o‘z hayoti hamda atrofdagilar xavfsizligini ta’minlash kompetensiyalarini shakllantirish mumkinligi asoslab berilgan.

2026-09-26T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://openscience.uz/index.php/sciedu/article/view/9108 2026-09-26T18:26:55+05:00 Khalimabonu Bakhodirova

This study examines the theoretical, methodological, and practical mechanisms for cultivating the professional and communicative speech culture of prospective educators within contemporary digital learning environments. The transformation of higher education necessitates that teachers possess not only disciplinary expertise but also refined oratorical competence, communicative flexibility, and the ability to establish effective instructional dialogue across both physical and virtual contexts. Drawing upon a competency-based and socio- constructivist framework, this research explores the educational potential of digital micro-teaching, structured video self-reflection, educational podcasting, and collaborative virtual debate platforms. A pedagogical experiment conducted among pre-service teachers at Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute demonstrated that systematic integration of audiovisual self-analysis significantly reduces communication anxiety, diminishes lexical inaccuracies, and enhances phonetic clarity and teaching presence. The findings provide an empirical foundation and practical recommendations for modernizing speech pedagogy in pedagogical universities.

2026-09-26T00:00:00+05:00 Copyright (c) 2026