A review of Timurian (Timurid) period architecture prominence on mosques and tombs
Keywords:
timurids (also known as timurians), architecture, mosques, tombs (shrines), decorations, artsAbstract
Mosques and tombs are among the places that have special importance for Muslims from a religious point of view and are considered sacred and valuable places, and tombs for remembrance and giving value to one’s dead is also important. The construction of mosques and tombs is one of the special functions of the architecture and art of the Timurid period, which has a special place. Architecture and art during the Timurid period is considered one of the most excellent works of civilization. Which was particularly important at that time, During the Timurid rule, many mosques and tombs were built to show that the architecture was magnificent and preserved. The Timurid dynasty initiated one of the most brilliant periods in Islamic art by bringing crafts from various occupied lands to his capital in Samarqand. Timurid art and architecture inspired people all the way from Anatolia to India. Religious institutions and foundations such as mosques, madrasas, khanqahs (convents), and Sufi shrines (Tombs) were the main beneficiaries of many Timurid princes’ building programs. Timurid architecture was distinguished by monumental scale, multiple minarets, polychrome tile work, and large spherical double domes. Women were also active patrons of architecture during the Timurid period. In this article, mosques and tombs are mentioned, which are very important and also express the architectural art of the Timurid period. In this writing, mosques such as Goharshad Begum Mosque, Bibi Khanum Mosque, Mir Chakmaq Mosque of Yazd, Shah Mosque and tombs such as Shah Zinda Complex, Guramir, Herat Women’s Bagh Complex, and Khawaja Ahmed Yasui Bakhsh’s tomb have been worth mentioning.
References
Abbas, Mashhad Mohammad. (1383). Mashhad Al-Reza, Tehran Publishing House.
Dani, Ahmad Hassan. (1378). Timur’s legacy, translated by Mohammad Mehdi Tosli.
Ebrahimi, Elah. (2018). A descriptive study of the architecture of Aramagas of the Timurid era. The specialized scientific quarterly of religious culture approach, year 2, number 6.
Ebrahimi, Elah. (2017). Timurid period architecture review, specialized scientific quarterly of religious culture approach, number 4.
Hakausi, Wali Allah. (1389). Reconstruction of architectural works in the Timurid period, Islamic history and civilization.
Javadi, Asieh. (1363). Iranian Architecture: Article 84, Tehran: Cluster.
Mezvi, Yasser. (2013). Plaster decorations of Timurid period buildings in Yazd, Book of Art Month.
Molla Zadeh, Kazem, his colleague. Tehran, (1379). Islam Propaganda Organization, Jose Henry.
Rasouli, Ehsan, colleagues. (2019). Architectural style and decoration of buildings of the Timurid period, research on Islamic art, year 16, number 37.
Sidi, Abdul Wahid. (2013). Recognizing Afghanistan, the first half of the sixth volume of Amir Timur Gorgani and the Timurid dynasty, Mazar-e-Sharif, Balkh, Afghanistan.
Shaiita Far, Mahnaz and et. al. (2013). Adapting the decorative motifs of the Timurid period architecture in the works of Kamal Uddin Behzad with an emphasis on the picture "A beggar on the door of a mosque", Negre Scientific Research Quarterly, No. 25.
Shaita far, Mahnaz. (2018). Review of Quranic decorations and inscriptions of two collections of Goharshad, Mashhad and Herat, Department of Islamic Art, Darbiat Modares University, No. 12.
Salehi Fard, Mohammad and Mohammadzadeh, Neda, Gohar Shad Mosque, Mirror of Iranian Islamic Architecture and Art.
Wilbur, Donald Newton, Glumbeck, Lisa. (1374). Timurid Architecture in Iran, translated by Karamatullah Afsar and Mohammad Yusuf Kiani, Tehran: Cultural Heritage Organization of the country.
